Sales and purchasing in Business Central

How the order-to-cash and procure-to-pay flows work in Business Central — quotes, orders, invoicing, requisitions, and approvals.

Updated 2026-05-09

The sales and purchasing modules are where most day-to-day Business Central users spend their time. Both follow the same document-driven pattern — quote → order → shipment/receipt → invoice → posting — which keeps the system consistent and easy to learn.

Sales (order-to-cash). Sales starts with a customer card carrying credit terms, prices, currency, and posting groups. From there, salespeople create sales quotes, which convert to sales orders once accepted. Orders can be partially or fully shipped (creating posted shipments and inventory transactions), and partially or fully invoiced (creating posted invoices and ledger entries). Standalone sales invoices and credit memos exist for transactions that don't need order tracking. Pricing is driven by price lists, customer-specific prices, line and invoice discounts, and customer/item discount groups. Sales returns are handled through return orders that reverse inventory and value.

Purchasing (procure-to-pay). Purchasing mirrors sales: vendor cards, purchase quotes, purchase orders, partial receipts and invoices, and posted credit memos for returns. The requisition worksheet plans purchases based on demand from sales, projections, or minimum stock, suggesting POs to release. Item charges (freight, duty, insurance) can be allocated across received lines to land cost correctly into inventory. A built-in vendor item catalog lets you map your item numbers to a vendor's, and price/discount agreements can be time-bounded.

Approvals. Both sides support workflow-driven approvals — sales quotes over a threshold, purchase orders over a vendor limit, customer credit-limit overrides, and so on — configured in the workflow designer and routed through users or roles. Approvers can act from Outlook, Teams, or the web client.

Documents and reporting. Posted documents are immutable and can be reprinted, emailed, or sent as PDFs. Each posted document writes to the relevant vendor ledger, customer ledger, item ledger, and value entry tables, which are the foundation for AR/AP ageing, sales analytics, and inventory valuation.

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